asp.net-mvc – 如何在ASP.NET MVC4中使用具有唯一标识符URL的OpenID提供程序

在ASP.NET MVC4中实现的新SimpleMembershipProvider允许对两个流行的OpenID提供商(Google和Yahoo)和三个OAuth提供商(Microsoft,Facebook,Twitter)进行简单的内置支持.

在DotNetOpenAuth.AspNet.Clients中实现的提供者与SimpleMembershipProvider一起使用的提供商都使用静态URL进行身份服务,即所有用户使用相同的知名URL来访问提供商.用户的OpenID标识符与用于访问身份服务的URL分开.

例如,所有用户的Google OpenID服务网址均为https://www.google.com/accounts/o8/id.

这适用于MVC4中的SimpleMembershipProvider,在您的MVC应用程序启动时,身份提供者的URL需要被知道,不变和注册.

问题是,其他OpenID提供者通常使用用户唯一的OpenID标识符作为访问身份服务的URL.

例如,AOL和WordPress分别使用https://openid.aol.com/{username}和https：// {username} .wordpress.com.

如果您将SimpleMembershipProvider替换为您自己的ExtendedMembershipProvider实现,那么您可以滚动自己的提供程序实现,但是它不会与MVC4帐户控制器开箱即用.

当提供者使用URL中的用户名唯一标识符时,如何使用SimpleMembershipProvider实现新的OpenID依赖方？

解决方法

基本上,您需要实现一个OpenIdClient,它使用一个包含关键字__username__的URL的ProviderIdentifier进行初始化.

在运行时,提供者名称和用户名将传递给帐户控制器,在该控制器中,提供者客户端按名称进行选择,用户名替换为__username__关键字,然后认证请求将发送给提供商.

OpenID客户端

由Microsoft提供的DotNetOpenAuth OpenID提供程序类继承了基类DotNetOpenAuth.AspNet.Clients.OpenIdClient,它实现了OpenID提供程序类所需的IAuthenticationClient接口.从source for the Google provider开始,因为它具有直接的实现,自定义它使一个GenericOpenIdClient类与提供者使用自定义URL.

要在运行时创建自定义URL,我们将接受OpenID用户名作为URI片段,并将URL中的所有__username__实例替换为用户提交的用户名.提供商需要在应用程序启动期间注册URL,因此,当用户名已知时,我们不能在运行时注册提供程序URL.

我们将使用OpenID Selector将表单提交给我们的Account控制器的ExternalLogin操作,其提供者表单值设置为格式提供者{username}中的提供者名称和用户名. OpenId Selector具有内置的逻辑,用于将{username}的所有实例替换为向用户呈现的文本框的输入.在服务器端,我们将从用户名中分离提供程序名称,按照应用程序启动时注册的名称查找提供者,并将GenericOpenIdClient.UserName属性设置为用户名提交的用户名.

当创建认证请求以发送到OpenID提供程序时,我们将检查GenericOpenIdClient.UserName属性,如果设置,我们将在发送请求之前使用用户名重新创建提供程序URL.为了做到这一点,我们需要重写RequestAuthentication()方法来创建使用我们的自定义URL的身份验证请求. __username__而不是{username},因为{和}不是主机名的有效字符,因此当我们需要将其注册为通用提供者标识符时,创建包含它们的URL变得有问题.

/GenericOpenIdClient.cs

namespace DotNetOpenAuth.AspNet.Clients
{
    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.Web;
    using System.Xml.Linq;
    using DotNetOpenAuth.OpenId;
    using DotNetOpenAuth.OpenId.Extensions.AttributeExchange;
    using DotNetOpenAuth.OpenId.RelyingParty;

    public class GenericOpenIdClient : OpenIdClient
    {
        #region Constants and Fields

        /// <summary>
        /// The openid relying party.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// Pass null as applicationStore to specify dumb mode. Create a protected field to use internally; we can't access the private base class field.
        /// </remarks>
        protected static readonly OpenIdRelyingParty RelyingParty = new OpenIdRelyingParty(applicationStore: null);

        /// <summary>
        /// The provider identifier.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// Create a protected field to use internally; we can't access the private base class field.
        /// </remarks>
        protected readonly Identifier providerIdentifier;

        #endregion

        #region Constructors and Destructors

        public GenericOpenIdClient(string providerName,Identifier providerIdentifier)
            : base(providerName,providerIdentifier) 
        {
            this.providerIdentifier = providerIdentifier; // initialize our internal field as well
        }

        #endregion

        #region Public Properties

        public String UserName { get; set; }

        #endregion

        #region Protected Properties

        /// <summary>
        /// The provider Identifier with the "__username__" keyword replaced with the value of the UserName property.
        /// </summary>
        protected Identifier ProviderIdentifier
        {
            get
            {
                var customIdentifier = String.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(this.UserName) ?
                    this.providerIdentifier :
                    Identifier.Parse(HttpUtility.UrlDecode(this.providerIdentifier).Replace("__username__",this.UserName));
                return customIdentifier;
            }
        }

        #endregion

        #region Methods

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets the extra data obtained from the response message when authentication is successful.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="response">
        /// The response message. 
        /// </param>
        /// <returns>A dictionary of profile data; or null if no data is available.</returns>
        protected override Dictionary<string,string> GetExtraData(IAuthenticationResponse response)
        {
            FetchResponse fetchResponse = response.GetExtension<FetchResponse>();
            if (fetchResponse != null)
            {
                var extraData = new Dictionary<string,string>();
                extraData.AddItemIfNotEmpty("email",fetchResponse.GetAttributeValue(WellKnownAttributes.Contact.Email));
                extraData.AddItemIfNotEmpty("country",fetchResponse.GetAttributeValue(WellKnownAttributes.Contact.HomeAddress.Country));
                extraData.AddItemIfNotEmpty("firstName",fetchResponse.GetAttributeValue(WellKnownAttributes.Name.First));
                extraData.AddItemIfNotEmpty("lastName",fetchResponse.GetAttributeValue(WellKnownAttributes.Name.Last));

                return extraData;
            }

            return null;
        }

        public override void RequestAuthentication(HttpContextBase context,Uri returnUrl)
        {
            var realm = new Realm(returnUrl.GetComponents(UriComponents.SchemeAndServer,UriFormat.Unescaped));
            IAuthenticationRequest request = RelyingParty.CreateRequest(ProviderIdentifier,realm,returnUrl);

            // give subclasses a chance to modify request message,e.g. add extension attributes,etc.
            this.OnBeforeSendingAuthenticationRequest(request);

            request.RedirectToProvider();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Called just before the authentication request is sent to service provider.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="request">
        /// The request. 
        /// </param>
        protected override void OnBeforeSendingAuthenticationRequest(IAuthenticationRequest request)
        {
            // Attribute Exchange extensions
            var fetchRequest = new FetchRequest();
            fetchRequest.Attributes.AddRequired(WellKnownAttributes.Contact.Email);
            fetchRequest.Attributes.AddOptional(WellKnownAttributes.Contact.HomeAddress.Country);
            fetchRequest.Attributes.AddRequired(WellKnownAttributes.Name.First);
            fetchRequest.Attributes.AddRequired(WellKnownAttributes.Name.Last);

            request.AddExtension(fetchRequest);
        }

        #endregion
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// The dictionary extensions.
    /// </summary>
    internal static class DictionaryExtensions
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Adds the value from an XDocument with the specified element name if it's not empty.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="dictionary">
        /// The dictionary. 
        /// </param>
        /// <param name="document">
        /// The document. 
        /// </param>
        /// <param name="elementName">
        /// Name of the element. 
        /// </param>
        public static void AddDataIfNotEmpty(
            this Dictionary<string,string> dictionary,XDocument document,string elementName)
        {
            var element = document.Root.Element(elementName);
            if (element != null)
            {
                dictionary.AddItemIfNotEmpty(elementName,element.Value);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Adds a key/value pair to the specified dictionary if the value is not null or empty.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="dictionary">
        /// The dictionary. 
        /// </param>
        /// <param name="key">
        /// The key. 
        /// </param>
        /// <param name="value">
        /// The value. 
        /// </param>
        public static void AddItemIfNotEmpty(this IDictionary<string,string key,string value)
        {
            if (key == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("key");
            }

            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(value))
            {
                dictionary[key] = value;
            }
        }
    }
}

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